What is THC? Effects, mechanisms, legality and precautions
THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the main psychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis. It acts primarily on CB1 receptors in the brain, which can alter perception, mood, and cognition.
In Switzerland, hemp products are generally permitted if the THC content is less than 1% . Products with higher THC content are subject to specific regulations. If you are looking for a non-psychoactive alternative, see: What is CBD?, CBD oils , CBD for sleep , CBD for stress and anxiety .
THC: What are we talking about?
THC is one of over 100 phytocannabinoids produced by cannabis. Unlike CBD, it is psychoactive : it can cause euphoria, altered perception of time and the senses, and affect short-term working memory.
How does THC act in the body?
CB1/CB2 receptors and the endocannabinoid system
THC binds preferentially to CB1 receptors (central nervous system), modulating the release of neurotransmitters. It also interacts with CB2 receptors (immunity, peripheral tissues). This action explains its effects on mood, appetite, pain, memory, and motor skills.
Effect factors
The effects vary depending on the dose , the route of administration (inhalation, ingestion), the individual profile , and the environment . Ingestion produces effects that are delayed but more prolonged than those produced by inhalation.
Potential effects and risks of THC
Desired effects
- Euphoria, relaxation, altered sensory perception
- Appetite stimulation
- Analgesic and antiemetic effects studied in medical settings
Possible side effects
- Anxiety, tachycardia, dry mouth, memory/attention problems
- Impaired coordination and reaction time ( driving risk)
- In at-risk individuals: anxiety decompensation, psychotic syndrome
- Possible tolerance; risk of problematic use in certain profiles
Important: Effects vary greatly from person to person. If you are looking for relaxation/sleep without psychoactive effects, consider alternatives such as CBD .
Therapeutic uses: where does the research stand?
THC (often combined with other cannabinoids) is being studied in medicine for pain , chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting , spasticity (multiple sclerosis), and appetite . Access frameworks and the level of evidence vary by country and indication.
For sleep and relaxation, non-psychoactive alternatives exist: CBD Sleep and CBD oils .
Legality of THC (Switzerland & Europe)
In Switzerland, hemp products are generally legal if the THC content is less than 1% in the finished product. Products with higher THC content are subject to specific regulations (local regulations, medical uses, pilot projects, etc.). Within the EU, many countries have adopted a 0.3% THC limit for industrial hemp; national regulations vary.
Safety and precautions
- Driving and machinery: refrain from using due to impaired reflexes.
- Pregnancy/breastfeeding: not recommended.
- Young people/adolescents: increased vulnerability of the developing brain.
- Drug interactions: possible (liver enzymes) → medical advice recommended.
- In case of anxiety or a history of mental illness: increased caution, prefer non-psychoactive alternatives.
THC FAQs
Is THC legal in Switzerland?
Hemp products are generally permitted if the THC content is less than 1%. Products with higher THC levels are subject to specific regulations. Always check the applicable regulations.
What is the difference between THC and CBD?
THC is psychoactive (acting primarily on CB1) and can alter perception. CBD is not psychoactive and is sought after for stress relief, sleep, and general well-being without producing a "high."
Does THC help you sleep?
It can promote sleep, but with possible side effects and long-term tolerance. For a non-psychoactive option, choose the CBD Sleep collection .
Is it safe to drive after taking THC?
No. THC impairs reflexes and coordination. It is not recommended to drive or operate machinery after consumption.
What are the alternatives if I don't want a psychoactive effect?
Opt for CBD products: oils , CBD Sleep , CBD Stress & Anxiety .